REFLEXOLOGY RESEARCH – ANXIETY
2024
ANXIETY, SLEEP, QUALITY OF LIFE, HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Effect of foot reflexology massage on sleep, anxiety and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: A single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. By Gizem Göktuna, Gülşah Gürol Arslan. Pub. by Explore (NY) 2024 Sep 16; 20(6):103061. PMID: 39332137 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.103061.
This study has found that foot reflexology massage is effective in reducing anxiety levels, improving sleep, and enhancing the quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. The findings of this study may offer nurses greater awareness of the potential benefits of reflexology. In this way, more healthcare professionals can be encouraged to use reflexology in addition to other cares.
ANXIETY, PAIN, VITAL SIGNS, CHILDREN WITH THALASSEMIA
Impact of Foot Reflexology Versus Simple Massage on Vital Signs, Anxiety, And Pain During Blood Transfusion Among Children With Thalassemia. By Sunita K. Jadhav, Prakash M. Naregal, Vaishali R. Mohite, Rajashri B. Karale. Pub. by Cureus 16(8) (August 26, 2024) : e67876. doi:10.7759/cureus.67876
Most children were diagnosed with thalassemia during infancy, had a history of both parent’s thalassemia minor, and were Rh+ve. Foot reflexology was more effective in reducing anxiety and pain than simple massage. Additionally, foot reflexology had a significant effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while simple massage significantly affected temperature in children with thalassemia (an inherited blood disorder).
2023
ANXIETY, PAIN, FATIGUE, HAND REFLEXOLOGY, CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
Effect of hand reflexology in ameliorating anxiety, pain, and fatigue among patients undergoing coronary angiography. By Eman Abdeen Ali 1, Wafaa Hassan Ali Awad 1, Mahmoud Abdelwahab Khedr 2, Emad Abd El Gawad Ali Rabie 1. Pub. by BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Nov 24;23(1):425. PMID: 38001461 PMCID: PMC10668458 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04256-6.
The current study findings showed that hand reflexology is a simple, non-invasive nursing intervention that is effective and useful for managing pain, fatigue, and anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography as it resulted in a significant reduction in the severity of pain, fatigue, and anxiety after coronary angiography in the study group compared to the control group.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, CANCER
Integrative Oncology Care of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adults With Cancer: Society for Integrative Oncology–ASCO Guideline. By Linda E. Carlson, Nofisat Ismaila, Elizabeth L. Addington, Gary N. Asher, Chloe Atreya, Lynda G. Balneaves, Joke Bradt, Nina Fuller-Shavel, Joseph Goodman, Caroline J. Hoffman, Alissa Huston, Ashwin Mehta, Channing J. Paller, Kimberly Richardson, Dugald Seely, Chelsea J. Siwik, Jennifer S. Temel, and Julia H. Rowland. Pub by Journal of Clinical Oncology 202341:28,4562-4591
Reflexology is recommended for treating symptoms of anxiety and depression during active treatment; and, for treating anxiety and depression symptoms after cancer treatment. The quality of evidence is reported as “low” and the strength of the recommendations is “weak”.
CANCER, PAIN, SWELLING, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, ANXIETY
Patients’ experiences of clinical foot reflexology in a hospital cancer service. By Langstone-Wring A, Whatley J. Pub. by (2023)Cancer Nursing Practice. doi: 10.7748/cnp.2023.e1841
Clinical foot reflexology can offer patients with cancer relief from symptoms associated with their condition or cancer treatment, for example pain, swelling or those related to peripheral neuropathy, reduce their anxiety levels and provide therapeutic effects such as relaxation and comfort.
PAIN, ANXIETY, CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT, SURGERY, HAND MASSAGE
The Effect of Hand Reflexology Massage on Pain and Anxiety After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. By Gizem Göktuna, Necibe Dağcan, Gülşah Gürol Arslan. Pub. by J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2023 Aug 7. Online ahead of print. PMID: 37548394 DOI: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000001033
We found that hand reflexology massage was effective in reducing pain and anxiety in patients during the immediate postoperative period after CABG.
ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY, PAIN, ANXIETY, WOMEN
Effect of Reflexology on Decreasing Postoperative Pain and Anxiety After Total Abdominal Hysterectomy. By Nilgun Avci, Umran Oskay. Pub. by Holist Nurs Pract. 2023 Mar-Apr;37(2):78-89. PMID: 36790422 DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000570.
All of the patients in the reflexology group stated that reflexology helped them feel better. The reflexology group compared with the control group had lower than the average Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain and VAS and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory anxiety at all assessment times. Reflexology is effective in reducing anxiety and pain.
ANXIETY, PAIN, DISTRESS, SLEEP QUALITY, PALLIATIVE CARE
The effects of foot reflexology on symptoms of discomfort in palliative care: a feasibility study. By Marie Lavarelo Marcolin, Andréa Tarot, Véronique Lombardo, Bruno Pereira, Axelle Van Lander & Virginie Guastella. Pub, by BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. Volume 23, Article number: 66 (2023)
This study confirms the feasibility of an Foot Reflexology session for patients hospitalized in a Palliative Care Unit. It resulted in a slight improvement in sleep quality. For other discomfort symptoms such as anxiety, pain and distress, foot reflexology yielded a non-significant improvement. Significant results would have needed a larger cohort.
ANXIETY, PREGNANCY, WOMEN
The Effect of Reflexology on the Anxiety of Pregnant Women During Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. By Abbaszadeh, Zeinab; Malakouti, Jamileh; Maghalian, Mahsa; Mirghafourvand, Mojgan Source: Current Women's Health Reviews, Volume 19, Number 3, 2023, pp. 20-28(9) Pub. by Bentham Science Publishers. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1573404818666220527095739
Reflexology can decrease maternal anxiety during labor. However, given the small number of studies and the high or unclear bias risk in most of them, no definitive conclusions can be drawn, and it is recommended that further research with stronger methodologies be conducted on this subject.
2022
ANXIETY, FATIGUE, CANCER
Foot Reflexology: Recent Research Trends and Prospects. By Deng-Chuan Cai, Ching-Yun Chen, Ting-Yun Lo. Pub. by Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Dec 20;11(1):9. PMID: 36611469 PMCID: PMC9819031 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010009
Foot reflexology has been shown to have a moderating effect on anxiety, fatigue, and cancer, and is a topic of ongoing and future research. This study uses this bibliometric analysis of foot reflexology literature to provide an overview of prior knowledge and a reference direction for modern preventive medicine.
ANXIETY, PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, TIBIA PLAQUE SURGERY
The effect of foot reflexology massage on overt anxiety and physiological parameters of patients undergoing tibia plaque surgery. By Imani F, Nasiri E, Akbari H, Safdari M. Pub. by Journal of Hayat 2022; 28 (2) :148-160. URL: http://hayat.tums.ac.ir/article-1-4504-en.html
Foot reflexology massage can reduce overt anxiety and improve physiological parameters of patients undergoing tibia plaque surgery. Therefore, this method can be used for reducing anxiety in the patients candidate for orthopedic surgery.
ANXIETY, HEMODIALYSIS
Assessing the Effectiveness of Foot Reflexology on Anxiety of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Tertiary Care Hospital, Karad, India. By Samir K. Choudhari, Nutan Potdar, , Prabhuswami Hiremath, Dhanraj Kharat. Pub. by Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 10, 21 November 2022 , Page 115-127. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/capr/v10/3784B.
In the post-test, the values demonstrated a statistically significant difference in anxiety levels between the experimental and control groups. According to the findings of the study, foot reflexology was efficient in reducing anxiety levels.
PAIN, ANXIETY, SLEEP QUALITY, PASSIVE MUSIC THERAPY, BURN DRESSING
The effect of reflexology massage and passive music therapy intervention before burn dressing on pain, anxiety level and sleep quality. By A. Kabuk, M. Şendir, G. Filinte. Pub. by Burns, Volume 48, Issue 7, November 2022, Pages 1743-1752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2021.10.012
Our results showed reflexology massage and passive music therapy before burn dressing reduced pain and anxiety level, and increased sleep quality.
ANXIETY, FATIGUE, SLEEP, POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
The impact of foot massage given to postmenopausal women on anxiety, fatigue, and sleep: a randomized-controlled trial. By Gökbulut, Nilay PhD; Ibici Akça, Emine PhD; Karakayali Ay, Çiğdem MSc. Pub. by Menopause: Sept. 20, 2022 - Volume - Issue - 10.1097/GME.0000000000002062 doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002062
It was determined that foot massage applied during menopause increases the average daily sleep duration (hours) and reduces women's fatigue and anxiety levels.
NAUSEA, VOMITING, ANXIETY, BREAST CANCER PATIENTS, WOMEN
Determining the Effect of Reflexology on Nausea, Vomiting and Anxiety in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Study. By Neriman Yükseltürk Şimşek, Bariş Nacir, Ayten Demir. Pub. by Complement Med Res. 2022 May 24. PMID: 35609525 DOI: 10.1159/000525034.
The research showed that while reflexology did not affect nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, it was helpful in reducing anxiety.
ANXIETY, CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
Effect of reflexology on anxiety level among patients undergoing coronary angiography. By Amer DA, Khalil NS, El-Salam Seloma YA. Pub. by Egypt Nurs J 2022;19:164-74. https://www.enj.eg.net/text.asp?2022/19/2/164/353511.
It can be concluded that, foot reflexology was an effective method to decrease anxiety among patients undergoing coronary angiography.
LABOR PAIN, ANXIETY, FIRST TIME PREGNANCY, WOMEN
Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises, Foot Reflexology and Massage (BRM) on Maternal and Newborn Outcomes Among Primigravidae in Saudi Arabia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. By Kamilya Baljon, Muhammad Hibatullah Romli, Adibah Hanim Ismail, Lee Khuan, Boon-How Chew. Int J Womens Health. 2022 Feb 25; 14:279-295. PMID: 35241937 PMCID: PMC8887672 DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S347971
The labor unit management could consider adopting combined breathing exercises, foot reflexology, and massage (BRM) interventions as one of the non-pharmacological analgesia for healthy women in labor.
ANXIETY, NURSING STUDENTS
The effect of reflexology treatment on anxiety. By M Uğuryol, A Dönmez. Pub. by J Psychiatric Nurs 2022;13(1):24-30. DOI: 10.14744/phd.2021.05579
Six sessions of foot reflexology treatment had a positive effect on anxiety symptoms.
ANXIETY, BLOOD PRESSURE, HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
The Influence of Foot Massage on Blood Pressure and Anxiety in Hypertensive Patients. By Nina Putri Calisanie N, Preannisa S. Pub. by KLS [Internet]. 2022Feb.7 [cited 2023Apr.26];7(2):394–403. Available from: https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/article/view/10333
This study concludes that giving foot massage therapy can significantly reduce systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and anxiety.
PAIN, ANXIETY, SLEEP, FATIGUE, HEMODIALYSIS
Effect of Complementary and Integrative Treatments on Fatigue Symptoms in Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review. By Melek Yeşil Bayülgen, Meral Gün. Holist Nurs Pract. 2022 Jan-Feb 01; 36(1):17-27. PMID: 34783697 DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000489
In the literature, acupressure, aromatherapy, reflexology, massage, and yoga practice were found to be applied to hemodialysis patients and be effective in reducing pain and anxiety as well as improving sleep quality. It is recommended that these methods be included in the routine clinical care of patients receiving hemodialysis.
ANXIETY, BREAST CANCER, WOMEN
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Anxiety in Women with Breast Cancer: A Randomized-controlled Trial. By Mohadeseh Rezaei, Vahid Naseri-Salahshour, Fatemeh Rafiei, Fatolah Mohagheghi, Mahbobeh Sajadi. Pub. by EBCJ.2021.Volume 11, Issue 4, January 2022 Pages 33-39.
As reflexology did not affect the anxiety of women with breast cancer, this method can be combined with other non-pharmacological interventions to control anxiety in women with this complication; however, it should not be utilized alone in the clinic to manage anxiety. Further studies are recommended to be conducted with larger sample sizes and extended periods on anxiety and mental health disorders in these women.
PAIN, ANXIETY, QUALITY OF LIFE, OPEN HEART SURGERY
"The effects of foot reflexology upon pain, anxiety, and patient satisfaction among patients having undergone open-heart surgery". By Uzun Şahin, Ceyda , Çilingir, Dilek . Pub. by Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 39 / 1 (January 2022): 17-23 .
In this research, patients in the test group were reported to have a statistically significant decrease in the mean scores of the visual analog scale when compared with the scores of patients in the control group (p<0.05). Although no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was measured between the mean scores of the state-trait anxiety inventory and the visual analog scale of patient satisfaction completed by patients in the test and control groups, it was also noted that both groups were exceptionally satisfied. The findings of this research can be utilized to alleviate pain, lessen patients' anxiety levels during the post-operation phase, and elevate patient satisfaction levels.
2021
ANXIETY
Effect Of Reflexology Practice On Anxiety. By Merve Uğuryol, Ayşegül Dönmez. Ege University Faculty of Nursing Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry Nursing, Bornova. J Psy Nurs. Ahead of Print: PHD-05579 | DOI: 10.14744/phd.2021.05579
The research is a quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest control group. The population of the study consisted of 648 students enrolled in a Nursing Faculty in the Ege University. Six sessions of foot reflexology practice has a positive effect on anxiety symptoms.
ANXIETY, PAIN, SLEEP QUALITY, BURN PATIENTS
The effect of reflexology massage and passive music therapy intervention before burn dressing on pain, anxiety level and sleep quality. By A Kabuk, M Şendir, G Filinte. Burns. 2021 Oct 30; S0305-4179(21)00299-0. PMID: 34955298 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.10.012
Our results showed reflexology massage and passive music therapy before burn dressing reduced pain and anxiety level, and increased sleep quality.
ANXIETY, STRESS, CORTISOL LEVELS, CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY & ANGIOGRAPHY
The Effect of Foot Reflexology Applied Before Coronary Angiography and Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty on Anxiety, Stress, and Cortisol Levels of Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. By Birgül Vural Doğru, Fisun ŞenuzunAykar, Yasemin Yıldırım, Oğuz Yavuzgil, Eser Sözmen, Hikmet Memmedov. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2021 Sep-Oct 01; 36(5):461-469. PMID: 32530869 DOI: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000700
The application of reflexology before coronary angiography and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty reduces the levels of anxiety, stress, and cortisol without any side effects.
ANXIETY, HAND MASSAGE, PREOPERATIVE PATIENTS
Benefits of hand massage on anxiety in preoperative outpatient: A quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-tests. By Zhihong Li, Brent Bauer, Marie Aaberg, Sarah Pool, Kimberly Van Rooy, Darrell Schroeder, Robyn Finney. Explore (NY).Sep-Oct 2021; 17(5):410-416. PMID: 32919894 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.016.
After receiving a 15-minute non-therapeutic hand massage, patients experienced reduced anxiety levels and increased satisfaction. It was also found that it is feasible to add a 15-minute non-therapeutic hand massage to the routine of a same-day surgical station.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, QUALITY OF LIFE, GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER, CHEMOTHERAPY
The effects of reflexology on anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients with gynecological cancers with reference to Watson's theory of human caring. By Sinem Göral Türkcü, Sevgi Özkan. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2021 Aug; 44:101428. PMID: 34157494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101428
These results showed that reflexology based on Watson's theory of human caring is effective in reduction of anxiety and depression and improves the quality of life in gynecological cancer patients during chemotherapy. It can be suggested that offering reflexology at certain intervals during chemotherapy will increase the duration of its effect.
PAIN, ANXIETY, LABOR DURATION, PREGNANCY, WOMEN
The effect of reflexology on labor pain, anxiety, labor duration, and birth satisfaction in primiparous pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. By Semra Akköz Çevik, İlknur Incedal. Pub. by Health Care Women Int. 2021;42(4-6):710-725. PMID: 32877317 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1800014
VAS mean scores and State Anxiety Inventory mean scores of the experimental group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the control group. Reflexology was effective in decreasing pain and anxiety and increasing the birth satisfaction during the first stage of labor.
PAIN, ANXIETY, VITAL SIGNS, VENIPUNCTURE PROCEDURE (TAKING BLOOD SAMPLE), HAND MASSAGE
Effect of Hand Massage on Pain, Anxiety, and Vital Signs in Patients Before Venipuncture Procedure: A Randomized Controlled Trial. By Saadet Erzincanli, Kadriye Sayin Kasar. Pain Manag Nurs. 2021 Jun; 22(3):356-360. PMID: 33472757 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2020.12.005
Hand massage was found to be a simple, non-pharmacologic, inexpensive, and independent nursing practice that could be used to reduce anxiety and positively affect vital signs in patients before venipuncture procedure.
PAIN, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, SPACTICITY, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Massage therapy as a complementary and alternative approach for people with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. By Zakieh Heidari, Shahnaz Shahrbanian & Chungyi Chiu (2022). Pub. by Disability and Rehabilitation. 44:20, 5758-5769, DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1949051
A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. We rated 5 studies as fair and 7 studies as good. Fatigue was improved by different massage styles, such as reflexology, nonspecific therapeutic massage, and Swedish massage. Pain, anxiety, and depression were effectively improved by reflexology techniques. Spasticity was reduced by Swedish massage and reflexology techniques.
ANXIETY, PAIN, AROMATHERAPY, BRACHYTHERAPY (Radiation Therapy) , CERVICAL CANCER.
Effect of Foot Reflexology and Aromatherapy on Anxiety and Pain During Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer. By Lisa Blackburn, Catherine Hill, Amy Lindsey, Loraine T. Sinnott, Kathrynn Thompson, Allison Quick. Pub. by Oncology Nursing Forum. Number 3 / May 2021. PMID: 33855996 DOI: 10.1188/21.ONF.265-276
All average pain and anxiety scores were equal or lower at each key time point for the intervention group. Statistically significant differences were found for the intervention group for anxiety on the numeric rating scale and on the STAI, but only post-reflexology. Implications for nursing: Nurses and other healthcare providers can be trained to provide reflexology during painful, anxiety-producing procedures to increase patient tolerance of these treatments and overall quality of life.
PAIN, ANXIETY, BURN PATIENTS
Randomized controlled trial of the foot reflexology on pain and anxiety severity during dressing change in burn patients. By Fahimeh Davodabady, Vahid Naseri-Salahshour, Mahbobeh Sajadi, Abolfazl Mohtarami, Fatemeh Rafiei. Burns . 2021 Feb; 47(1):215-221. PMID: 32739224 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.06.035.
Our results showed foot reflexology is an appropriate and safe intervention for management of pain and anxiety of burn patients. Therefore, it can be used as a complementary method alongside other methods.
ANXIETY, CHEST PAIN, ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Effect of foot reflexology on chest pain and anxiety in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A double blind randomized clinical trial. By Saeedeh Sayari, Monir Nobahar, Raheb Ghorbani. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2021 Feb; 42:101296. PMID: 33348306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101296
Foot reflexology was effective in attenuating chest pain, had the most effect in 20 min after intervention, and can be used to relieve chest pain in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.
PAIN, ANXIETY, QUALITY OF LIFE, FOOT MASSAGE, CERVICAL SPINE SURGERY
Effects of foot massage on relieving pain, anxiety and improving quality of life of patients undergone a cervical spine surgery. By Nana Ren, Guangmin Yang, Xiaofeng Ren, Lekun Li. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2021 Jan 19; 19(1):22. PMID: 33468148 PMCID: PMC7814554 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01667-2
This study found that foot massage was effective in alleviating pain and anxiety, while improving quality of life in patients undergone ACDF, indicating that this intervention should be considered in the clinical management of these patients.
2020
PAIN, ANXIETY, SLEEP QUALITY, BURN PATIENTS
The effect of foot reflexology massage on burn-specific pain anxiety and sleep quality and quantity of patients hospitalized in the burn intensive care unit (ICU). By Reza Alinia-Najjar, Masoumeh Bagheri-Nesami, Seyed Afshin Shorofi Seyed Nouraddin Mousavinasab, Kiarash Saatchi. Burns . 2020 Dec;46(8):1942-1951. PMID: 32873443 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.04.035
Based on the results, foot reflexology massage can effectively reduce pain anxiety levels and improve sleep quality and quantity of patients with burn injuries; therefore, this non- pharmacological therapeutic method is recommended to be used in the burn ICUs.
PAIN, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, QUALITY OF LIFE, CANCER, PALLIATIVE CARE
Complementary Therapies for Patients with Cancer: Reflexology and Relaxation in Integrative Palliative Care. A Randomized Controlled Comparative Study. By Alexandra Mantoudi, Efi Parpa, Eleni Tsilika, Chrysanthi Batistaki, Maria Nikoloudi, Vassilios Kouloulias, Sotiria Kostopoulou, Antonis Galanos , Kyriaki Mystakidou. J Altern Complement Med. 2020 Sep;26(9):792-798. PMID: 32924560 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2019.0402
Both interventions, relaxation and reflexology, seemed to be effective in decreasing anxiety and depression in patients with cancer. However, reflexology was found to be more effective in improving quality of life (physical component) and to have a greater effect on pain management than relaxation.
ANXIETY, LABOR PAIN, LABOR DURATION, BIRTH SATISFACTION, PRIMIPAROUS WOMEN
The effect of reflexology on labor pain, anxiety, labor duration, and birth satisfaction in primiparous pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial. By Akköz Çevik S, Incedal İ. Pub. by Health Care Women Int. 2021;42(4-6):710-725. doi: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1800014. Epub 2020 Sep 2. PMID: 32877317.
Reflexology was effective in decreasing pain and anxiety and increasing the birth satisfaction during the first stage of labor.
ANXIETY, PRIMIPAROUS WOMEN, PREGNANCY
Effect of pre-cesarean foot reflexology massage on anxiety of primiparous women. By Maryam Navaee, Samira Khayat, Zahra Ghadiri Abed. J Complement Integr Med. 2020 Sep 23; 17(3). PMID: 32284448 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0229
The results of this study revealed the positive effect of reflexology massage on pre-cesarean anxiety. Because reflexology massage is an inexpensive, simple, and easy approach, the use of this non-pharmaceutical method is recommended to reduce pre-cesarean anxiety.
DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, SLEEP DISTURBANCE, BURN INJURIES
Effect of Foot Reflexology Intervention on Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Quality in Adults: A Meta-Analysis and Metaregression of Randomized Controlled Trials. By Wei-Li Wang, Hao-Yuan Hung, Ying-Ren Chen, Kuang-Huei Chen, Szu-Nian Yang, Chi-Ming Chu, and Yuan-Yu Chan. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020; Sep 15. DOI: 10.1155/2020/2654353 PMCID: PMC7512096 PMID: 33014101
Results of this systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that foot reflexology intervention has benefits compared to non active control practices in terms of ameliorate the burden of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Based on the results, foot reflexology massage can effectively reduce pain anxiety levels and improve sleep quality and quantity of patients with burn injuries; therefore, this non- pharmacological therapeutic method is recommended to be used in the burn ICUs.
PAIN, ANXIETY, HAND MASSAGE, LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS
Effect of hand massage on pain and anxiety in patients after liver transplantation: A randomised controlled trial. By Bilsev Demir, Serdar Saritas. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 May; 39:101152. PMID: 32379634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101152.
The hand massage applied to liver transplant patients positively affected and decreased the severity of pain, and anxiety levels.
SLEEP, ANXIETY, CANCER CAREGIVERS
Effect of reflexology on anxiety and sleep of informal cancer caregiver: Randomized controlled trial. By İsmail Toygar, Öznur Usta Yeşilbalkan, Yasemin Güzel Malseven Esra Sönmez Pub. by Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 May;39:101143. PMID: 32379631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101143
Foot reflexology was found as an effective intervention to reduce anxiety and improve the quality of sleep of informal cancer caregivers. The effect of placebo on reducing the anxiety of informal caregivers was found, but it wasn't as effective as reflexology.
FOOT & HAND MASSAGE, ANXIETY, PAIN, CHOLECYSTECTOMY (GALL BLADDER REMOVAL)
Efficacy of Hand and Foot Massage in Anxiety and Pain Management Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Controlled Randomized Study. By Kezban Koraş Sözen, Neziha Karabulut. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2020 Apr; 30(2):111-116. PMID: 31855924 DOI: 10.1097/SLE.0000000000000738.
Foot and hand massage are influential in decreasing pain and anxiety levels after surgeries for patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
ANXIETY, LABOUR DURATION, PREGNANCY, WOMEN
The effectiveness of foot reflexology in reducing anxiety and duration of labor in primiparas: An open-label randomized controlled trial. By Ilana Levy, Samuel Attias, Tamar Stern Lavee, Ofri Avneri, Gil Cohen, Shosh Balachsan, Shlomi Sagi, Elad Schiff. Pub. by Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 Feb; 38:101085. PMID: 32056811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101085
A larger alleviation of anxiety was observed immediately after reflexology treatment as compared to the control group during the 30 min following group assignment. Reflexology did not affect the length of delivery. Conclusion: Foot reflexology had a positive short-term anxiolytic effect during labor in primiparas with moderate-to-severe anxiety but did not affect the duration of labor.
ANXIETY, VITAL SIGNS, COMFORT, HAND MASSAGE, CATARACT SURGERY
The Effect of Hand Massage Before Cataract Surgery on Patient Anxiety and Comfort: A Randomized Controlled Study. By Ayşe Uyar Çavdar, Emel Yılmaz, Hakan Baydur. J Perianesth Nurs. 2020 Feb; 35(1):54-59. PMID: 31551136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2019.06.012
Hand massage reduced the anxiety of patients, positively affected their vital signs, and increased their comfort.
BREAST CANCER, QUALITY OF LIFE, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, FATIGUE, NAUSEA, VOMITTING, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, WOMEN
A systematic review association of reflexology in managing symptoms and side effects of breast cancer treatment. By Ausanee Wanchai, Jane M. Armer. Pub. by Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, Volume 38, 2020, 101074, ISSN 1744-3881, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101074.
The results showed that reflexology is associated with benefits for both psychological and physical aspects. Reflexology was reported to improve quality of life, but not for depression or anxiety. It was also beneficial for reducing fatigue, nausea, and vomiting, but not for peripheral neuropathy. Enough high level evidence has not been reported to confirm the effectiveness of reflexology on breast cancer symptom management.
PAIN, ANXIETY, SEIZURE ACTIVITY
Reflexology and Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome - A Case Study. By Vicky Mood LPN, LMT MA52046 Pub. by Academy of Ancient Reflexology 2020, Jan. www.AcademyofAncientReflexology.com
For this study, both the therapist and subject noticed marked improvements in the ease of mobility, a decrease in the number and intensity of seizures, decrease in pain, and a decrease in anxiety levels. Although not a focus of this study, the subject reported better sleep patterns; the effect of which was greatly noted and welcomed. While it would be remiss of this therapist to declare that all people that suffer with RSD would benefit from reflexology on the basis of one case study, this case study does support the exploration of reflexology use in others that have RSD.
INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS, ANXIETY, BLADDER PAIN, QUALITY OF LIFE
Foot Reflexology and Interstitial Cystitis - A Case Study. By Grace Beck, LMT, RMT, CALC, ERYT500 Certified Hand & Foot Reflexologist. Pub. by the Academy of Ancient Reflexology. Jan. 2020 www.AcademyofAncientReflexology.com
Subject’s journal entries consistently reported a very relaxed feeling and reduction of anxiety after each reflexology session. Journaling also noted a continued effect for up to three days after each session. Subject saw a decline in perceived anxiety levels as well as bladder pain with a peak toward mid-week, which may be an indicator of the IBS flare subject was experiencing at the time. In addition, QOL ratings indicate a slight increase from beginning of sessions to end of the series.
2019
ANXIETY, PAIN, CHILDREN
Evaluation of efficacy and feasibility of foot reflexology in children experiencing chronic or persistent pain. By Amandine Bertrand, Claire-Emmanuelle Mauger-Vauglin, Sophie Martin, Florence Goy, Chantal Delafosse, Perrine Marec-Berard. Bull Cancer. 2019 Dec; 106(12):1073-1079. PMID: 31358289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.05.008
In 192 pediatric patients, Foot Reflexology significantly reduce pain and anxiety in children suffering from persistent or chronic pain. This Complementary & Alternative Medicine could have a place in pain management in children but needs to be evaluated in larger cohorts.
ANXIETY, SLEEP, AGITATION, CRITICALLY ILL ADULTS
Could complementary health approaches improve the symptom experience and outcomes of critically ill adults? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. By Susan E Thrane, Katie Hsieh, Paige Donahue, Alai Tan, Matthew C Exline, Michele C Balas. Complement Ther Med. 2019 Dec; 47:102166. PMID: 31780011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.07.025
There were statistically significant improvements in pain (music, nature based sounds (NBSs)), anxiety (music, NBSs, aromatherapy, massage, reflexology), agitation (NBSs, reflexology), sleep (music, aromatherapy, reflexology), level of arousal (music, massage), and duration of mechanical ventilation (music, reflexology). Evidence suggests complementary health approaches may reduce the symptom burden of critically ill adults.
PAIN, ANXIETY, FATIGUE, CANCER
Caregiver-Delivered Foot Reflexology: Effects on Patients and Caregivers. By Sevgin Samancioglu Baglama, Ercan Bakir. Holist Nurs Pract. Nov/Dec 2019; 33(6):338-345. PMID: 31609870 DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000351
Mean pain, anxiety, and fatigue levels significantly decreased for the cancer patients who received foot reflexology from their caregivers for 15 days compared with patients in the control group. The mean care burden score of the caregivers in both groups decreased. Clinicians should teach caregiving practices such as foot reflexology and know that these practices are a positive influence on both patients and caregivers.
FATIGUE, ANXIETY, STRESS, RELAXATION, HAND MASSAGE, CHEMOTHERAPY OUTPATIENTS
Hand Massage for Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy as Outpatients: A Pilot Study. By Susanne M Cutshall, Saswati Mahapatra, Rebecca S Hynes, Kimberly M Van Rooy, Sherry A Looker, Aditya Ghosh, Cathy D Schleck, Brent A Bauer, Dietlind L Wahner-Roedler. Explore (NY). Nov-Dec 2017; 13(6):393-399. PMID: 29097109 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2017.06.007
Significant improvement after hand massage was indicated by VAS scores for fatigue, anxiety, muscular discomfort, nervousness, stress, happiness, energy, relaxation, calmness, and emotional well-being. All patients indicated that they would recommend hand massage to other patients, and 37 were interested in receiving it during their next chemotherapy treatment.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, CANCER, CHEMOTHERAPY
Effects of aroma self-foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, peripheral skin temperature, anxiety, and depression in gynaecologic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A randomised controlled trial. By Gie Ok Noh, Kyung Sook Park. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2019 Oct; 42:82-89. PMID: 31473465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2019.08.007
An aroma self-foot reflexology intervention can reduce chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, anxiety, and depression in gynaecologic cancer patients. Further research is required to assess the effects of differences in the content of the intervention and the effects of various numbers of applications and durations of applications based on each individual patient's condition.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, WOMEN, ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Hospital Anxiety and Depression in Female Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Trial. By Tahereh Bahrami, MScN, Nahid Rejeh, PhD, MScN, BScN, Majideh Heravi-Karimooi, PhD, MScN, BScN, Seyed Davood Tadrisi, MScN, and Mojtaba Vaismoradi, PhD, MScN, BScN. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork. 2019 Sep; 12(3): 16–21. PMCID: PMC6715326 PMID: 31489059
Foot reflexology massage reduced both anxiety (F(1.44)=19.11, p = .001) and depression (F(1.44)=16.76, p = .001) in acute coronary patients relative to control patients. The intervention had a large effect on hospital anxiety and depression. Conclusions: Foot reflexology massage is an efficient and safe intervention for alleviating psychological responses among female older adults suffering from acute coronary syndrome during hospitalization.
PAIN, ANXIETY, FOOT MASSAGE, CHOLECYSTECTOMY (GALL BLADDER REMOVAL)
The Effect of Foot Massage on Postoperative Pain and Anxiety Levels in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Experimental Study. By Kezban Koraş, Neziha Karabulut. J Perianesth Nurs. 2019 Jun; 34(3):551-558. PMID: 30470466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2018.07.006.
Foot massage decreased postoperative pain and anxiety levels in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.
PAIN, NAUSEA, ANXIETY, PERIOPERATIVE SYMPTOMS (BEFORE, DURING & AFTER SURGERY)
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions for perioperative symptoms: A comparative effectiveness study. By Elad Schiff, Samuel Attias, Ibrahim Matter, Gideon Sroka, Bluma Nae, Zahi Arnon, Noah Samuels, Ofra Grinberg, Eran Ben-Arye. Pub. by Complementary Therapies in Medicine, Volume 44, June 2019, Pages 51-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.003
Perioperative symptoms such as pain, nausea and anxiety are often inadequately treated. CAM treatments included Acupuncture, Reflexology, or Guided Imagery. CAM treatments provide additional relief to Standard Of Care (SOC) for perioperative symptoms. Larger randomized control trial studies with longer follow-ups are needed to confirm these benefits.
ANXIETY, VITAL SIGNS, CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES, ACUPRESSURE, HAND REFLEXOLOGY, WOMEN
Comparison of the Effects of Hand Reflexology versus Acupressure on Anxiety and Vital Signs in Female Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases. By Zohre Rahmani Vasokolaei, Nahid Rejeh, Majideh Heravi-Karimooi, Seyed Davood Tadrisi, Kiarash Saatchi, Zahra Poshtchaman, Christina Sieloff, Mojtaba Vaismoradi. Healthcare (Basel). 2019 Feb 11; 7(1):26. PMID: 30754687 PMCID: PMC6473738 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7010026
The effects of hand reflexology and acupressure immediately and half an hour later on the reduction of anxiety and vital signs were equal (p < 0.05). Implementation of hand reflexology and acupressure can have positive effects on anxiety and vital signs in patients with coronary artery diseases. They can reduce patients' anxiety with an equal effectiveness.
ANXIETY, CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURES,
Effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular interventional procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. By Chandrababu, R, Rathinasamy, EL, Suresh, C, Ramesh, J. Pub. by J Adv Nurs. January 2019; 75: 43– 53. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13822
Ten trials, representing 760 patients with the mean age of 59, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Reflexology significantly decreased the anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular interventional procedures in the treatment group compared with the control group. Conclusion: Reflexology has some positive effects on anxiety among patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures. It may be a useful complementary therapy and further research is necessary to create reliable evidence.
2018
PAIN, SLEEP, ANXIETY, MILITARY PATIENTS
The Benefits of Reflexology for the Chronic Pain Patient in a Military Pain Clinic. By Connie Kern, Amy McCoart, Thomas Beltran, Michael Martoszek. Pub. by J. Spec. Oper. Med. 2018 Winter;18(4):103-105. PMID: 30566732 DOI: 10.55460/HE83-7LY7
There is evidence that reflexology is therapeutic for many conditions, to include sleep and anxiety, both of which can be comorbidity in the patient with chronic pain. There is a lack of evidence on the use of reflexology with chronic pain patients receiving multidisciplinary pain care.
ANXIETY, MEN, CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
The impacts of foot reflexology on anxiety among male candidates for coronary angiography: A three-group single-blind randomized clinical trial. By Farhad Ramezanibadr, Kourosh Amini, Kayvan Hossaingholipor, Sograt Faghihzadeh. Pub. by Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018 Aug;32:200-204. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.07.005. Epub 2018 Jul 18. PMID: 30057051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.07.005
This study shows that as a simple and safe non-pharmacological therapy, foot reflexology on the solar plexus, heart, and pituitary reflex points is effective in alleviating anxiety among the candidates for angiography. Thus, nurses can learn reflexology and use it to alleviate anxiety and improve outcomes among this patient population. Of course, more studies are needed to determine the best foot reflexology intervention for anxiety alleviation.
HAND & FOOT MASSAGE, ANXIETY, VITAL SIGNS, ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Effect of hand and foot surface stroke massage on anxiety and vital signs in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. By Hasheminia Seyyed Alimohammad, Zahra Ghasemi, Salehi Shahriar, Sedehi Morteza, Khaledifar Arsalan. Pub by Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, Volume 31, 2018, Pages 126-131. ISSN 1744-3881, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.01.012.
Hand and foot massage can be a useful nursing intervention in attenuating anxiety levels and improving the vital signs in patients.
ANXIETY, WOMEN, LABOUR, PREGNANCY
The Effect of Foot Reflexology on the Anxiety Levels of Women in Labor. By Zümrüt Yılar Erkek, Songul Aktas. J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Apr; 24(4):352-360. PMID: 29474093 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0263
Foot reflexology was found to have a positive effect in lowering the total anxiety scores of the pregnant women. Reflexology is a noninvasive and economical method, which may be used by health professionals to reduce problems during labor. A decrease in anxiety experienced at birth improves women's positive birth experiences, promotes a secure mother-infant attachment, and protects postpartum mental health.
ANXIETY, PAIN, HYSTERECTOMY, WOMEN
The effects of reflexology on anxiety and pain in patients after abdominal hysterectomy: A randomised controlled trial. By Ruşen Öztürk, Ümran Sevil, Asuman Sargin, M. Sait Yücebilgin. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. Volume 36, February 2018, Pages 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2017.12.005
Foot reflexology may serve as an effective nursing intervention to increase the well-being and decrease the pain of female patients after abdominal hysterectomy, and nurses should be aware of the benefits of reflexology.
ANXIETY, WOMEN, LABOUR, PREGNANCY
The effectiveness of foot reflexology in reducing anxiety and duration of labor in primiparas: An open-label randomized controlled trial. By Ilana Levy, Samuel Attias, Tamar Stern Lavee, Ofri Avneri, Gil Cohen, Shosh Balachsan, Shlomi Sagi, Elad Schiff. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 Feb; 38:101085. PMID: 32056811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101085
Foot reflexology had a positive short-term anxiolytic (anxiety reducing) effect during labor in primiparas with moderate-to-severe anxiety but did not affect the duration of labor.
2017
ANXIETY, STRESS, DEPRESSION, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
A comparison the effects of reflexology and relaxation on the psychological symptoms in women with multiple sclerosis. By Mozhgan Soheili, Fatemeh Nazari, Vahid Shaygannejad, and Mahboobeh Valiani. J Educ Health Promot. 2017; 6: 11. PMCID: PMC5433640 PMID: 28546976
The results showed that reflexology and relaxation in relieving anxiety, stress and depression are effective in women with MS. Hence, these two methods, as effective techniques, are recommended.
ANXIETY, PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, BRONCHOSCOPY
The effects of foot reflexology on anxiety and physiological parameters among candidates for bronchoscopy: A randomized controlled trial. By Hooman Shahsavari, Marzieh Ebrahimi Eshrat Abad, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.05.008, 12, (177-181), (2017).
Foot reflexology alleviates anxiety and improves physiological parameters among the candidates for bronchoscopy. Consequently, it may be used as a non-invasive non-pharmacological remedy for subjects who are on the waiting lists for invasive diagnostic procedures such as bronchoscopy.
ANXIETY, CORONARY ANGIOGRAM, HAND REFLEXOLOGY
Effect of short-term hand reflexology on anxiety in patients before coronary angiography: A randomized placebo controlled trial. By Fatemeh Heidari, Nahid Rejeh,Majideh Heravi-Karimooi, Seyed Davood Tadrisi, Mojtaba Vaismoradi. European Journal of Integrative Medicine. Volume 16, December 2017, Pages 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2017.09.010
Hand reflexology alleviated anxiety without any adverse effects on patients before coronary angiography. Therefore, it can be recommended as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention along with other methods to relieve patients’ anxiety. However, future studies with a larger sample size is needed to further examine the efficacy of the hand reflexology intervention on patients’ psychological aspects.
ANXIETY, HAND REFLEXOLOGY, ANGIOGRAPHY
The effect of hand reflexology on anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. By MaryamMobini-Bidgoli, Mohsen Taghadosi, Hamidreza Gilasi, Alireza Farokhiand. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. Volume 27, May 2017, Pages 31-36.
Hand reflexology could effectively decrease anxiety in coronary angiography patients.
ANXIETY, FOOT MASSAGE, TOUCH, MRI
Foot Massage, Touch, and Presence in Decreasing Anxiety during a Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Feasibility Study. By Rajni Parmar, Barbara B. Brewer, and Laura A. Szalacha. Pub. by The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. Volume: 24 Issue 3: March 1, 2018 http://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2016.0274
The use of foot massage or touch is feasible, acceptable by patients and technologists, and the use of foot massage was associated with lower state anxiety.
PAIN, ANXIETY, SLEEP, FIBROMYALGIA
Reflexology’s Effect on Fibromyalgia - A Case Study. By Mary Antonia Creamer, BA, LMT Certified Hand & Foot Reflexologist. Pub. by the Academy of Ancient Reflexology. Feb. 2017. https://academyofancientreflexology.com/
Subject reported feeling better for only one day following the first session. Starting the second week, she got such a burst of energy after the treatment that she got a lot of work done the day of the treatment, and this continued for the duration. The most noticeable improvement was in the subjective areas of mood. Her anxiety disappeared, and areas of discomfort she daily indicated on a figure shrank and grew fewer. Sleep improved slightly, although sleeping through the night did not. “Waking up refreshed” stayed the same throughout the study.
2016
PAIN, ANXIETY, CAESAREAN DELIVERY, PREGNANCY, WOMEN
Postoperative Foot Massage for Patients after Caesarean Delivery. By M Xue, L Fan, L N Ge, Y Zhang, J L Ge, J Gu, Y Wang, Y Chen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 2016 Aug; 220(4):173-8. PMID: 27509141 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-104802.
Post-operative massage intervention can reduce anxiety and pain in patients after caesarean delivery.
ANXIETY, BLOOD PRESSURE, QUALITY OF LIFE, AROMA FOOT MASSAGE,
The Effects of Aroma Foot Massage on Blood Pressure and Anxiety in Japanese Community-Dwelling Men and Women: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial. By Eri Eguchi , Narumi Funakubo, Kiyohide Tomooka, Tetsuya Ohira, Keiki Ogino, Takeshi Tanigawa. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 24; 11(3):e0151712. PMID: 27010201 PMCID: PMC4807074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151712
The self-administered aroma foot massage intervention significantly decreased the mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure as well as the state anxiety score, and tended to increase the mental health-related quality of life scores. The results suggest that aroma foot massage may be an easy and effective way to improve mental health and blood pressure.
2015
ANXIETY, PAIN, VARICOSE VEINS
The impact of hand reflexology on pain, anxiety and satisfaction during minimally invasive surgery under local anaesthetic: a randomised controlled trial. By Briony F Hudson, Jade Davidson, Mark S Whiteley. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015 Dec;52(12):1789-97. PMID: 26294281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.07.009
Intra-operative hand reflexology is a useful adjunct to local anaesthetic varicose vein surgery, with participants in the reflexology group reporting significantly lower intra-operative anxiety and shorter pain duration than participants receiving treatment as usual.
ANXIETY, PAIN, WOMEN, PREGNANCY
The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Anxiety, Pain, and Outcomes of the Labor in Primigravida Women. By Soheila Moghimi-Hanjani, Zahra Mehdizadeh-Tourzani, Mahnaz Shoghi. Acta Med Iran. 2015 Aug; 53(8):507-11. PMID: 26545996
Results of this study show that reflexology reduces labor pain intensity, duration of labor, anxiety, frequency distribution of natural delivery and increases Apgar scores of infants. Using this non-invasive technique, obstetricians can achieve, to some extent, to one of the most important goals of midwifery as pain relief and reducing anxiety during labor and encourage the mothers to have a vaginal delivery.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, PAIN, EAR ACUPRESSURE, DEMENTIA, SENIORS
The effects of ear acupressure, massage therapy and no therapy on symptoms of dementia: a randomized controlled trial. By Juan Rodríguez-Mansilla, María Victoria González López-Arza, Enrique Varela-Donoso, Jesús Montanero-Fernández, Blanca González Sánchez, Elisa María Garrido-Ardila. Clin Rehabil. 2015 Jul; 29(7):683-93. PMID: 25322869 DOI: 10.1177/0269215514554240.
Ear acupressure and massage therapy showed better results than the control group in relation to pain, anxiety and depression. However, ear acupressure achieved more improvements.
2014
ANXIETY, SEDATION, MECHANICAL VENTILATION PATIENTS
Reflexology: its effects on physiological anxiety signs and sedation needs. By Esra Akin Korhan Leyla Khorshid, Mehmet Uyar. Holist Nurs Pract. Jan-Feb 2014; 28(1):6-23. PMID: 24304626 DOI: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000007.
Reflexology can serve as an effective method of decreasing the physiological signs of anxiety and the required level of sedation in patients receiving mechanically ventilated support. Nurses who have appropriate training and certification may include reflexology in routine care to reduce the physiological signs of anxiety of patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
2013
ANXIETY, MOOD, BLOOD PRESSURE, LONG TERM CARE STAFF
The effect of foot massage on long-term care staff working with older people with dementia: a pilot, parallel group, randomized controlled trial. By Wendy Moyle, Marie Cooke, Siobhan T O'Dwyer, Jenny Murfield, Amy Johnston, Billy Sung. BMC Nurs. 2013 Feb 18; 12:5. PMID: 23414448 PMCID: PMC3598869 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6955-12-5.
The pilot demonstrated the foot massage intervention showed trends in improved mood, reduced anxiety and lower blood pressure in long-term care staff working with older people with dementia. A larger study is needed to build on these promising, but preliminary, findings.
2012
CANCER, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
The Effects of Foot Reflexology on Peripheral Neuropathy, Symptom Distress, Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Patients Treated with Oxaliplatin. By Lee SY, Ham YH, Ok ON, Kim EJ, Kwon IG, Hwang MS, Cho MS. Pub. by Asian Oncol Nurs. 2012 Dec;12(4):305-313. https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2012.12.4.305
The experimental group who received foot reflexology experienced less peripheral neuropathy and symptom distress than the control group. There was no difference in anxiety and depression between the experimental and control group. Conclusion: The foot reflexology program adopted in this study was found to be an effective method to reduce peripheral neuropathy and symptom distress. We recommend foot reflexology for patients with chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy.
ANXIETY, PHYSIOLOGICAL INDEXES, CORONARY HEART ANGIOGRAPHY
Effect of Foot Reflexology Massage and Benson Relaxation Techniques on Anxiety and Physiological Indexes of Patients undergoing Coronary Heart Angiography. By M. Torabi, M.Sc., M. Salavati, M.Sc., A.R. Ghahri Sarabi, M.Sc.. Pub. by Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care 2012; 20 (1) :63-73
URL: http://nmj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-1108-en.html
Results of this study suggested that foot reflexology massage and relaxation are effective in decreasing the anxiety and physiological indexes in angiography expecting patients, therefore it is recommended to use them as complementary methods before Cardiac Catheterization.
PAIN, ANXIETY, CESAREAN SECTION, WOMEN
Effect Of Foot Reflexology On Pain And Anxiety In Women Following Elective Cesarean Section. By Razmjoo Nastaran, Hafizi Lotfabadi Leili, Yousefi Fatemeh*, Esmaeeli Habibolah, Azizi Hoda, Lotfalizadeh Marzieh. Pub. by IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY AND INFERTILITY APRIL 2012 , Volume 15 , Number 1; Page(s) 9 To 17.
There was no statistically significant difference in pain intensity before intervention between two groups by using t-test (p=0.814), but after intervention, the difference was significant by Man-Whitney test (p=0.004). There was not statistically significant difference between two groups regarding postoperative anxiety score (p=0.215).Conclusion: Foot reflexology proved useful as an effective nursing intervention in controlling post cesarean pain.
PAIN, EDEMA, ANXIETY, HAND REFLEXOLOGY
The Effects of Hand Reflexology and Hydrotherapy on De Quervain's Tenosynovitis - A Case Study. By Terri Bishop-Brahen, RN, LMT, certified reflexologist, certified lymphatic drainage therapist. Pub. by the Academy of Ancient Reflexology. www.academyofancientreflexology.com
This particular subject responded well to hand reflexology. Reflexology is a complementary bodywork method producing an improvement in the inflammatory symptoms of de Quervain’s tenosynovitis (pain at the base of the thumb). Reflexology supported the subject while decreasing and discontinuing prescription medications used for the inflammation and anxiety. Improvement in the physical, emotional and mental status of the subject while reestablishing her career gives credence to the effectiveness of reflexology. A future study may be considered for larger numbers of subjects experiencing progressive symptoms of inflammation.
2008
CANCER, ANXIETY, PAIN,
The conjoint use of music therapy and reflexology with hospitalized advanced stage cancer patients and their families. By Lucanne Magill, Susan Berenson. Journal: Palliative & Supportive Care / Volume 6 / Issue 3 / September 2008.
This article addresses the benefits of the combined use of music therapy and reflexology. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the application and benefits of this dual approach for patients and their families regarding adjustment to the end of life in the presence of anxiety and cognitive impairment.
PAIN, ANXIETY, DIGESTIVE CANCER
Effects of reflexotherapy on acute postoperative pain and anxiety among patients with digestive cancer. By Shiow-Luan Tsay, Hsiao-Ling Chen, Su-Chiu Chen, Hung-Ru Lin, Kuan-Chia Lin. Cancer Nurs. Mar-Apr 2008; 31(2):109-15. PMID: 18490886 DOI: 10.1097/01.NCC.0000305694.74754.7b
Results demonstrated that studied patients reported moderately high levels of pain and anxiety postoperatively while patients were managed with patient-controlled analgesia. Using generalized estimation equations and controlling for confounding variables, less pain (P < .05) and anxiety (P < .05) over time were reported by the intervention group compared with the control group. In addition, patients in the intervention group received significantly less opioid analgesics than the control group (P < .05). Findings from this study provide nurses with an additional treatment to offer postoperative digestive cancer patients.
2007
ANXIETY, CARDIOVASCULAR, SALIVORY CORTISOL, MELATONIN, STRESS
Evaluation of anxiety, salivary cortisol and melatonin secretion following reflexology treatment: a pilot study in healthy individuals. By A J McVicar, C R Greenwood, F Fewell, V D'Arcy, S Chandrasekharan, L C Alldridge. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2007 Aug;13(3):137-45. PMID: 17631256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2006.11.001
Reflexology had a powerful anxiety-reduction effect ('state'; P<0.001) but no significant effect on underlying anxiety ('trait'). Cardiovascular parameters decreased (P<0.001). Baseline salivary cortisol and melatonin were not significantly correlated with self reported anxiety scores and did not change significantly following reflexology. Reflexology reduced 'state' anxiety and cardiovascular activity within healthy individuals, consistent with stress-reduction.
ANXIETY, AURICULAR ACUPRESSURE, SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY (BREAK DOWN of STONES), SENIORS
Auricular acupressure as a treatment for anxiety before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the elderly. By Bruno Mora, Michele Iannuzzi, Thomas Lang, Barbara Steinlechner, Renate Barker, Michael Dobrovits, Christian Wimmer, Alexander Kober. J Urol. 2007 Jul; 178(1):160-4; discussion 164. PMID: 17499304 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.03.019
Elderly patients who received auricular acupressure at specific relaxation points while being transported to the hospital were less anxious, anticipated less pain and were more optimistic about the outcome of treatment that they will receive than the sham treated group. These data prove that this is an effective treatment for anxiety, that improves the patient overall perception of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. (Kidney stone breaking).
ANXIETY, CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY GRAFT SURGERY
Does the experimental design capture the effects of complementary therapy? A study using reflexology for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. By Thora Jenny Gunnarsdottir, Helga Jonsdottir. J Clin Nurs. 2007 Apr; 16(4):777-85. PMID: 17402960 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01634.x
This study showed little evidence to support reflexology as a mean of reducing anxiety in coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients. Several methodological problems were identified that need to be considered further.
PAIN, ANXIETY, CANCER
Partner-delivered reflexology: effects on cancer pain and anxiety. By Nancy L N Stephenson, Melvin Swanson, Joann Dalton, Frances J Keefe, Martha Engelke. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2007 Jan; 34(1):127-32. PMID: 17562639 DOI: 10.1188/07.ONF.127-132
Following the initial partner-delivered foot reflexology, patients experienced a significant decrease in pain intensity and anxiety. Conclusions: A nurse reflexologist taught partners how to perform reflexology on patients with metastatic cancer pain in the hospital, resulting in an immediate decrease in pain intensity and anxiety; minimal changes were seen in the control group, who received usual care plus attention.
2006
ANXIETY, CANCER
Use of reflexology foot massage to reduce anxiety in hospitalized cancer patients in chemotherapy treatment: methodology and outcomes. By R. QUATTRIN,A. ZANINI,S. BUCHINI,D. TURELLO,M.A. ANNUNZIATA,C. VIDOTTI,A. COLOMBATTI,S. BRUSAFERRO. Journal of Nursing Management, Vol. 14, Issue 2, March 2006. 96-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2934.2006.00557.x
Reflexology foot massage can be considered a support treatment used in combination with traditional medical treatments and executed by an expert, qualified person to help cancer patients receiving chemotherapy feel better and also cope better with their disease.
PAIN, ANXIETY, AURICULAR ACUPRESSURE, HIP FRACTURE, SENIORS
Out-of-hospital auricular acupressure in elder patients with hip fracture: a randomized double-blinded trial. By Renate Barker, Alexander Kober, Klaus Hoerauf, Daniela Latzke, Sharam Adel, Zeev N Kain, Shu-Ming Wang. Acad Emerg Med. 2006 Jan; 13(1):19-23. PMID: 16365322 DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2005.07.014.
Patients in the true intervention groups had less pain and anxiety, and lower heart rate on arrival at the hospital than did patients in the sham control group. As a result, the patients in the true intervention group reported higher satisfaction in the care they received during the ride to the hospital. Conclusions: The authors encourage physicians, health care providers, and emergency rescuers to learn this easy, non-invasive, and inexpensive technique for its effects in decreasing anxiety and pain during emergency transportation.
2005
DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, PNEUMOCONIOSIS (LUNG DISEASE), MEN
Effects of Foot Reflexology on Depression and Anxiety in Coal Workers” Pneumoconiosis.” By Lee, YM., Korean J Rehabil Nurs. 2005 Jun; 8(1):31-37.
Foot reflexology was shown to be an effective nursing intervention program for Depression and Anxiety in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis.
2004
ANXIETY, PAIN, BLOOD PRESSURE, PULSE, HAND MASSAGE, SURGICAL PATIENTS
Effects of hand massage and hand holding on the anxiety in patients with local infiltration anesthesia. [Article in Ko]. By Hyun-Jung Oh, Jeong-Sook Park. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2004 Oct; 34(6):924-33. PMID: 15613828 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2004.34.6.924.
The hand massage group and hand holding group were more effective than the control group in reducing anxiety, VAS (pain) score, systolic blood pressure and pulse rate.
CONSTIPATION, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION
Effects of Foot Reflexology Education Program on Constipation, Anxiety and Depression in Nursing Students. By Choi, EU., Sigma Theta Tau International, 2004.
Foot reflexology educational program was shown to be effective in improving constipation, anxiety and depression for the nursing students who had these symptoms.
FATIGUE, ANXIETY, EMOTIONAL STATE, CANCER, HAND REFLEXOLOGY
Effects of Hand Reflexology on Fatigue and Emotional State in Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy. By Kim Myung Ae, Kim Su Jung, Kim Su Jin, Kim Yang Ji, (Keimyung University College of Nursing, Korea) Article 8 issue of Science nursing commandment No. 1, 2004. pp. 39- 47.
The degree of fatigue, anxiety, and mood state in the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the control group. The systolic blood pressure and pulse rate in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group, but diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group were not significantly lower than that of the control group.
ANXIETY, PULSE RATE, BLOOD PRESSURE, NAUSEA, VOMITING, CHILDREN, LEUKEMIA. CHEMOTHERAPY, HAND MASSAGE
Effect of Hand Massage on Nausea, Vomiting and Anxiety of Childhood Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia with High Dose Chemotherapy. By Ji-Eun Han, Master, RN, Young-Im Moon, PhD, and Ho-Ran Park, PhD. College of Nursing, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. 2004
In conclusion, hand massage could be effective in decreasing nausea, vomiting, state anxiety, pulse rate and blood pressure of acute leukemia children receiving high dose chemotherapy.
2002
ANXIETY, TENSION, QUALITY OF LIFE, PALLIATIVE CARE
Evaluation of a hospice based reflexology service: a qualitative audit of patient perceptions. By Maureen Gambles, Maggie Crooke, Susie Wilkinson. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2002 Mar; 6(1):37-44. PMID: 12849608 DOI: 10.1054/ejon.2001.0157
Patients' comments about the therapy and the service as a whole were overwhelmingly positive. They identified relaxation, relief from tension and anxiety, feelings of comfort and improved well-being as beneficial effects of their course of reflexology.
2001
HAND MASSAGE, PSYCHOLOGICAL & PHYSIOLOGICAL ANXIETY, CATARACT SURGERY
Effects of hand massage on anxiety in cataract surgery using local anesthesia. By M S Kim, K S Cho, H Woo, J H Kim. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2001 Jun; 27(6):884-90. PMID: 11408136 DOI: 10.1016/s0886-3350(00)00730-6
The findings indicate that hand massage decreases the psychological and physiological anxiety levels in patients having cataract surgery under local anesthesia.
2000
ANXIETY, PAIN, BREAST & LUNG CANCER
The effects of foot reflexology on anxiety and pain in patients with breast and lung cancer. By Stephenson NL, Weinrich SP, Tavakoli AS. Pub. by Oncology Nursing Forum, 01 Jan 2000, 27(1):67-72. PMID: 10660924
The significant decrease in anxiety observed in this sample of patients with breast and lung cancer following foot reflexology suggests that this may be a self-care approach to decrease anxiety in this patient population.
1996
HYPERTHYROIDISM, INSOMNIA, ANXIETY, ARRHYTHMIA, WOMEN,
Exploration of the Treatment for Hyperthyroidism with Foot Reflexotherapy. By Wang, H.,1996 China Reflexology Symposium Report, Beijing : China Reflexology Association, pages 34-36
Foot reflexology was found to be effective in the relief of hyperthyroidism.